(DOWNLOAD) "Introductory Notes: Dialogues on Globalization and Indigenous Cultures." by Ariel ~ Book PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: Introductory Notes: Dialogues on Globalization and Indigenous Cultures.
- Author : Ariel
- Release Date : January 01, 2003
- Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines,Books,Professional & Technical,Education,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 187 KB
Description
Globalization both as a concept and as an empirical process has caused seemingly endless debate. What is globalization? When did it begin? What is the impact of globalization on local economic, societal, and cultural structures and identities? None of these questions have or will have definite answers. There are four divergent views of globalization. With some critics globalization is a myth, an ideology, for nation-states and different nation-state situations still constitute the universal reality of the world. Some critics argue that globalization is nothing new, for as Rick Wolf contends in Europe and the People without History, the process of globalization began with the beginning of the world. According to Wolf, the Neolithic Age already had global trade routes: Polynesian products traveled to Africa and Asian pottery pieces were scattered all over the world. Some scholars argue that globalization began with the emergence of colonial capitalism--or in the year of 1492. Still others take globalization as a fairly new historical phenomenon, whose inauguration is marked by the end of Cold War. The proponents of globalization celebrate it as an invigorating form of modernity that leads to universal prosperity, progress, and democracy as well as to new structures of feeling, imagination, and subjectivity. The opponents of globalization believe that globalization, originated in and perpetuated by the centers of capitalist power, emerges as a rerun of Western imperialism via TNCS, IMF, Hollywood films, computer technology, American values and lifestyles, all of which work together to resubjugate the previous third and second worlds to the first world's domination. Those who embrace a Hegelian dialectical view of globalization processes speak of them as historically inevitable while at the same time launching rigorous critiques of their negative effects on social life. Of all the debates on globalization, the most engaging and productive that is of interest to everyone inside or outside academia and with or without expert knowledge about economics, politics, and culture seems to concern the consequences of interaction between the local and the global, that is, the transformation of local or indigenous cultures under the impact of the global flows of capital, information, ideology, values, and technology. For culture, as Raymond Williams has taught us, is a whole way of life, and everyone adopts a certain way of life or wants to have a changed way of life. A general anxiety permeates these discussions: the fear that the ongoing processes of globalization are threatening to level or erase various historically formed local cultures. In this particular debate, each side seems to be resistant or opposed to the perceived prospects of disappearing indigenous or local cultures. Some critics maintain that globalization essentially means the unification or Americanization of the world culture; some insist that that globalization is not necessarily the story of cultural homogenization or Americanization; instead it encourages and creates cultural diversity and protean difference. These two positions are met with a third position that attempts to reconcile the global and the local--it argues that globalization is a two-fold process which brings the universalization of particularism and the particularization of universalism at the same time.
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